Adhesive compositions containing a stabilizer of a nitroamine



United States Patent Oflice Patented Feb. 22, 1966 3,236,667 ADHESIVE COMPOSETIONS CONTAINING A STABILIZER OF A NITROAMENE Edward B. Hodge and Grant .l. Laiferty, Terre Haute, Ind, assignors to Commercial Solvents Corporation, New York, N.Y., a corporation of Maryland No Drawing. Filed May 17, 1962, Ser. No. 195,370 16 (Jlaims. {Cl. 106-1125) Our invention relates to adhesive compositions. More particularly our invention relates to adhesive compositions stabilized against attack by microorganisms.

Adhesive compositions are made from a wide variety of materials and have many and varied applications. Generally most adhesives are separated into three main categories: those which are of an animal origin such as the animal glues, the fish glues, and the casein pastes; those of vegetable origin such as the gums, the starch adhesives, the dextrin adhesives, the rubber latex adhesives, and the natural resin adhesives; and the synthetic adhesives such as the synthetic resins, for example, those of the urea-formaldehyde, phenol-formaldehyde, acrylic and vinyl types. All such adhesives possess one common property, the ability to enable surfaces to merge on contact or under pressure and after merger, resist separation.

A common problem of adhesive compositions is their lack of resistance to attack by certain microorganisms during storage. On certain of the widely used types of adhesives, particularly casein adhesives and starch adhesives, spoilage takes place in a matter of days. Such spoilage, which can finally cause coagulation and even separation of the adhesive, is easily observed by the formation of mold and the production of highly noxious odors.

We have now discovered a means whereby adhesive compositions can be made resistant to spoilage. Our new adhesive compositions even retain this resistance after long storage periods. Thus, our stabilized adhesive compositions are not only effective in preventing mold formation and noxious odors but successfully inhibit decomposition, coagulation and separation of the adhesive composition itself.

Our adhesive compositions are produced by incorporating a stabilizing amount of a nitroamine having the following general formula:

wherein R is lower alkyl or hydrogen; R is hydrogen, morpholino, piperidyl, or the radical:

3)2 R is lower alkyl, morpholino, piperidyl, or the radical: a)2

and R is hydrogen, tetrahydrofurfuryl, lower alkyl, and lower hydroxyalkyl into the adhesive composition.

Examples of suitable nitroamines coming within the scope of our invention are 2-nitro-2-methyl-1,3bis(dibutylamino)propane, Z-nitm-Z-methyll ,3 -bis (Z-hydnoxy pro pylamino-)propane, 2-nitro-2-methyl-1,3 -dimorpholinopropane, 2-nitro-2-ethyll ,3 -dimorpholinopro p ane, 2-nitro-2-methyl- 1,3 -dipiperidylpropane, 2-nitro-2-ethyl-1,3 -bis(dimethylaminoQpropane, N- 2-nitroisobutyl diisopropanolamine,

N- Z-nitropropyl morpholine,

N- 2-nitropropyl dibutylamine, N-(Z-nitrobutyl dimethylamine,

N- 2-nitrobutyl -2-ethylhexylamine, N-(Z-nitrobutyl )-1-amino-2-propanol,

2 N-(2-nitrobutyl)morpholine, N- Z-nitrobutyl piperidine, N-(2-nitrobuty1)tetra'hydrofurfuralamine, etc., and mixtures thereof.

The amount of nitroamine necessary to stabilize adhesive compositions will naturally vary depending in the main on the particular adhesive to be stabilized and the conditions of storage. Usually, however, amounts as low as 100 p.p.m. by weight based on the weight of the adhesive compositions are effective in controlling spoilage. Generally we have found that it is not necessary to exceed 1,000 p.p.m. of our stabilizing agents in the adhesive compositions. Under most circumstances satisfactory results are obtained when 250 p.p.m. to 500 p.p.m. of our stabilizers are utilized.

The following examples further illustrate our invention, but we do not intend to be limited to the procedures, types of adhesives, or amounts of nitroamines set out therein. Inclusion of all equivalents obvious to the art is intended.

EXAMPLE I To test the effectiveness of our nitroamines in preserving adhesive compositions, a casein adhesive composition containing grams casein, 7 mls. of a- 29% ammonia solution, and 623 mls. of water was divided into 7 equal portions. A nitroamine stabilizing agent was added to 6 of the 7 portions and the remaining portion was used as a control. Each of the 7 portions was then inoculated with a mold found growing in a casein-adhesive composition. Each of the 7 portions was then placed in a separate open jar and allowed to stand for 30 days. The following table shows the results of the 30-day test.

EXAMPLE II The procedure of Example I was followed with the exception that a polyvinyl alcohol starch adhesive containing 35 grams polyvinyl alcohol, 70 grams corn starch, and 525 mls. water was utilized instead of the casein adhesive of Example I. The following table shows the results of this test.

Table II Amount of Mold Portion Nitroamlne Nitroamine, Formation p.p.m.

N-( 2-nitropropyl)dlbutylamine 500 None. 2-n1tro-2qnethyl-1,3-dimorpholino- 1,000 Do.

propane. N-(2-nitrobutybpiperidine Do. 2-nitro-2 methyl-l,3-bis(2-hydroxy. 500 Do.

propylamino)propane. 5 2-nitro-2-methyl-1,3-dipiperidyl- 500 Do.

propane. 6 N-(Z-nitrobutyl)tetra-hydrofur- 250 Do.

furylamlne. 7 Control Covered sample.

3 EXAMPLE III An adhesive composed of 24 kilograms dextrin, 24 liters of water, and 10 grams of ginger grass oil was effectively stabilized by N-(Z-nitrobutyl)morpholine.

EXAMPLE IV A vegetable glue adhesive composition composed of 100 grams of gum arabic, 0.2 gram calcium hydroxide, 300 ml. of water, and 10 grams of aluminum sulfate was effectively stabilized by 2-nitromethyl-1,3-bis(2-hydroxypropylamino)propane.

EXAMPLE V An adhesive composition composed of 100 grams of glue, 100 mls, of water, grams of glycerin, and 3 grams of potassium bichromate was effectively stabilized by 2- nitro-2-methyl-1,3-dimorpholinopropane.

EXAMPLE VI An adhesive composition composed of 17 pounds castor oil, 100 pounds pine resin, and 50 pounds denatured alcohol was effectively stabilized by 2-nitro-2-methyl-1, 3-dipiperidylpropane.

Now having described our invention, what we claim is:

1. An adhesive composition stabilized against microorganism attack which comprises an adhesive and a stabilizing amount of a nitroamine having the following formula:

wherein R is selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl and hydrogen; wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, morpholino, piperidyl, and the radical:

wherein R is selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, morpholino, piperidyl, and the radical:

and wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, tetrahydrofurfuryl, lower alkyl, and lower hydroxyalkyl, with the proviso that at least one of R and R contains an amine group.

2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the adhesive is a casein adhesive.

3. The composition of claim 1 wherein the adhesive is a starch adhesive.

4. The composition of claim 1 wherein the adhesive is a glue adhesive.

5. The composition of claim 1 wherein the adhesive is a rubber latex adhesive.

6. An adhesive composition stabilized against microorganism attack which comprises an adhesive and from about 100 to about 1,000 ppm. of a nitroamine having the following formula:

wherein R is selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl and hydrogen; R is selected from the group con- 4 sisting of hydrogen, morpholino, piperidyl, and the radical:

R is selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, morpholino, piperidyl, and the radical:

and R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, tetrahydrofurfuryl, lower alkyl, and lower hydroxyalkyl into the adhesive composition, with the proviso that at least one of R and R contains an amine group.

7. An adhesive composition stabilized against microorganism attack which comprises an adhesive and from about 250 to about 500 ppm. of a nitroamine having the following formula:

wherein R is selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl and hydrogen; R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, morpholino, piperidyl, and the radical:

R is selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, morpholino, piperidyl, and the radical:

and R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, tetrahydrofurfuryl, lower alkyl, and lower hydroxyalkyl into the adhesive composition, with the proviso that at least one of R and R contains an amine group.

8. The composition of claim 7 wherein the nitroamine is 2-nitro-2-methyl-1,3-bis(dibutylamino)propane.

9. The composition of claim 7 wherein the nitroamine is N-Z-nitroisobutyl)diisopropanolaminc.

10. The composition of claim 7 wherein the nitroamine is a mixture of 2-nitro-2-ethyl-1,3-dimorpholinopropane and N-Z-nitrobutyl)morpholine.

11. The composition of claim 7 wherein the nitroamine is 2-nitro-2-methyl-1,3 bis(2 hydroxypropylamino) propane.

12. The composition of claim 7 wherein the nitroamine is 2-nitro-2-methyl-1,3-dipiperidylpropane.

13. The composition of claim 7 wherein the nitroamine is 2-nitro-2-ethyl-1,3-bis(dimethylamino)propane.

14. The composition of claim 7 wherein the nitroamine is N-(2-nitropropyl)dibutylamine.

15. The composition of claim 7 wherein the nitroamine is N-(2-nitrobutyl)-2-ethylhexylamine.

16. The composition of claim 7 wherein the nitroamine is N- (2-nitrobutyl tetrahydrofurfurylamine.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,925,819 9/1933 Putnam et al. 106125 2,116,867 5/1938 Kreimeier et al 106-210 2,390,887 12/1945 Kling 106--138 2,419,506 4/1947 Senkus 260583 2,534,008 12/1950 Fiero et al. 106213 2,566,842 9/1951 Landes et al 106--213 ALEXANDER H. BRODMERKEL, Primary Examiner.

MORRIS LIEBMAN, Examiner. 

1. AN ADHESIVE COMPOSITION STABILIZED AGAINST MICROORGANISM ATTACK WITH COMPRISES AN ADHESIVE AND A STABILIZING AMOUNT OF A NITROAMINE HAVING THE FOLLOWING FORMULA: R1-CH2-C(-NO2)(-R)-CH2-R2 WHEREIN R IS SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF LOWER ALKYL AND HYDROGEN; WHEREIN R1 IS SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF HYDROGEN, MORPHOLINO, PIPERIDYL, AND THE RADICAL:
 4. THE COMPOSITION OF CLAIM 1 WHEREIN THE ADHESIVE IS A GLUE ADHESIVE. 